GIS-Based Oil Spill Incidents and Hazard Mapping in Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Abstract
Spatial analysis of oil spill incident is essential in oil spill contingency management. This study focused on application of geographic information systems (GIS) in oil spill incidents and hazard mapping for sustainable remediation in Gokana Local Government Area (LGA), Rivers State, Nigeria. Datasets used include oil spill location and incidents, digital elevation model (DEM) and map showing oil installations. The oil spill location and incidents data was retrieved from National Oil Spill Detection & Response Agency archive; a 30 X 30 meters’ resolution DEM was sourced from the United States Geological Surveys (USGS) while map showing oil installations in Gokona was extracted from the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) report. Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA), vector flow mapping and proximity-based buffer analysis were the GIS functionalities used in data analyses and presentation. The result showed that oil spill incidents displayed a clustered pattern with a NNA value of 0.35 at 99% confidence level. Also, a minimum flow velocity which rose in the central, eastern and north-western parts of the study area was uncovered. Result also showed that a greater part of the area was categorized as “High” hazard zone, followed by “Moderate” hazard zone and “Low” hazard zone. The study recommended renewed commitment for human and settlement relocation from well mapped out hazard and high risk areas to safer locations. This also calls for the adoption of GIS in oil spill contingency
planning and sustainable remediation of host communities by multinational oil producing
companies.
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